See the attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

America”s Affirmative Actions on Minorities

In years past, Americas of each race, shading, and nationality have been pushing for equivalent rights and equivalent portrayal in everything from governmental issues, to elite athletics mentors, to occupations, and universities. In American schools there is a seemingly insignificant detail called governmental policy regarding minorities in society. This implies universities give more prominent higher instructive acknowledgments to minorities than they do the regular person. For instance, one school acknowledges individuals on the off chance that they score over 140 focuses on their point scale. Be that as it may, minority bunches get 20 free focuses only for acting naturally! Presently is this reasonable? In a nation that is attempting to cancel bigotry, this easily overlooked detail called governmental policy regarding minorities in society is filling it. On school grounds around the country, the confirmations office isn't carrying out their responsibility. They are not conceding admissions to the most qualified or the most skilled competitors, rather they need to make their training place socially various. To do as such, these instruction habitats are giving â€Å"gifts† or offering â€Å"tokens† to these minority gatherings so is doesn†t resemble the regular person is all the school is comprised of. Isn†t this prejudice at its best? Factually, white understudies have a superior possibility of getting into school in view of their social foundation and accentuation their progenitors put on training. Something very similar is occurring in work powers across America. Bosses have employed the less qualified minority to make a specific standard or to have their organization look increasingly assorted. In any case, another law in California government restricts this from occurring. Their new law requires the most qualified individual to have the activity, paying little mind to race, shading, and nationality. More businesses and school confirmation workplaces all through the nation should abrogate governmental policy regarding minorities in society. It is obliterating advanced education organizations, and workforces. This equivalent governmental policy regarding minorities in society is destroying the best country on earth, which was based on the words. â€Å"All men are made equal†, and clearly with governmental policy regarding minorities in society set up, all men are not made equivalent.

FTCE Essay 6 Point Samples - How To Do It

FTCE Essay 6 Point Samples - How To Do ItHave you already completed the FTCE Essay 6 Point Sample Papers and Exam? If not, you have a big disadvantage at this moment because you are getting ready to retake the examination. Remember that the first question you have to answer is how you will be able to get high scores on the essay portion of the exam. This section is composed of various different topics and questions that you need to answer, so it can be quite daunting if you are not familiar with this portion of the exam.Remember that you should be able to answer all of the essay sections, but if the essay portion of the exam is too difficult for you, you may find yourself losing focus and you may not even be able to get past the first section of the essay. Also, if the essay is too easy for you, you will not have much confidence when you begin answering the subsequent parts of the essay, and your scores may suffer.The good news is that if you have already finished the essay and have not answered any of the questions, then you can check out the guidelines provided in the answer to the previous question. You will be glad to know that there are ways in which you can answer all of the questions for the essay section of the examination.You can ask someone to help you answer some of the questions if you cannot answer them on your own. The best way to do this is to just choose someone that you know has great writing skills and they can give you some advice as to what should be included in your essay. You should never copy a word from someone else's essay.You should also remember that there are essay samples online that you can go to and get some advice on how to write an essay. The best thing to do is to go online and search for examples, especially if you do not know how to write an essay.Once you have selected a few of the online solutions that are available to you, you should do some research on those solutions. It is always a good idea to go through each solution and try to figure out what they have to say.It is important to understand that you should not plagiarize, but you may want to copy sentences and ideas from these essays. You should try to take note of the points that were discussed in the essay sample and try to incorporate them into your own essay.Remember that if you do not feel comfortable enough with the answers to the essay samples, you should still complete the entire test in order to ensure that you know everything that is required in the examination. It is very important that you have all of the answers before you take the test, so go online and research some solutions before you actually take the test.

Choosing the Most Effective Learning Environment

There are several alternatives available when it comes to the type of education that a child can receive. Parents today have more choices than ever. The primary factor that parents have to weigh is the overall setting that they want their child to be educated in. It is also important for parents to examine the individual needs and make up of the child and the financial state they are in when deciding which learning environment is the right fit. There are five essential options when it comes to education a child. Those include public schools, private schools, charter schools, homeschooling, virtual/online schools. Each of these options provides a unique setting and learning environment. There are pros and cons of each these choices. However it is important that parents understand that no matter which option they provide for their child, they are the most important people when it comes to the quality of education their child receives. Success is not defined by the type of schooling you received as a young person. Each of the five options has developed a lot of people who were successful. The key factors in determining the quality of education a child receives is the value that their parents place on education and the time they spend working with them at home. You can put almost any child in any learning environment and if they have those two things, they are typically going to be successful. Likewise, children who do not have parents that value education or work with them at home have odds that are stacked against them. This is not to say that a child cannot overcome these odds. Intrinsic motivation plays a major factor too and a child that is motivated to learn will learn no matter how much their parents do or do not value education. The overall learning environment does play a role in the quality of education a child receives. It is important to note that the best learning environment for one child may not be the best learning environment for another. It is also important to remember that the importance of the learning environment decreases as parental involvement in education increases. Each potential learning environment can be effective. It is important to look at all the options and make the best decision for you and your child. Public Schools More parents choose public schools as their child’s option to education than all of the other options. There are two primary reasons for this. First public schooling is free and many people cannot afford to pay for their child’s education. The other reason is that it is convenient. Every community has a public school that is easily accessible and within reasonable driving distance. So what makes a public school effective? The truth is that it isn’t effective for everyone. More students will end up dropping out of public schools than they will any of the other options. This doesn’t mean that they don’t offer an effective learning environment. Most public schools provide students who want it with terrific learning opportunities and provide them with a quality education. The sad reality is that public schools receive more students than any other option who don’t value education and who do not want to be there. This can take away from the overall effectiveness of public education because those students typically become distractions who interfere with learning. The overall effectiveness of the learning environment in public schools is also affected by the individual state funding allotted to education. Class size is particularly affected by state funding. As class size increases, the overall effectiveness does decrease. Good teachers can overcome this challenge and there are many excellent teachers in public education. The educational standards and assessments developed by each individual state also impact a public school’s effectiveness. As it stands right now, public education amongst the states are not created equally. However the development and implementation of the Common Core State Standards will remedy this situation. Public schools provide students who want it with a quality education. The main problem with public education is that the ratio of students who want to learn and those who are only there because they are required are much closer than those in the other options. The United States is the only education system in the world that accepts every student. This will always be a limiting factor for public schools. Private Schools The biggest limiting factor concerning private schools is that they are expensive. Some provide scholarship opportunities, but the truth is that most Americans simply cannot afford to send their child to a private school. Private schools typically have a religious affiliation. This makes them ideal for parents who want their children to receive a balanced education between traditional academics and core religious values. Private schools also have the ability to control their enrollment. This not only limits class size which maximizes effectiveness, it also minimizes students who will be distractions because they don’t want to be there. Most parents who can afford to send their children to private schools value education which translates to their children valuing education. Private schools are not governed by the state laws or standards that public schools are. They can create their own standards and accountability standards which are usually tied to their overall goals and agenda. This can strengthen or weaken a school’s overall effectiveness depending on how rigorous those standards are. Charter Schools Charter schools are public schools that receive public funding, but are not governed by many of the state laws concerning education that other public schools are. Charter schools typically focus on specific subject area such as mathematics or science and provide rigorous content that exceed state expectations in those areas. Even though they are public schools they are not accessible to everyone. Most charter schools have limited enrollment which students must apply for and be accepted to attend. Many charter schools have a waiting list of students who want to attend. Charter schools are not for everyone. Students who have struggled academically in other settings will likely fall even further behind in a charter school as the content can be difficult and rigorous. Students who value education and want to earn scholarships and further their education would benefit from charter schools and the challenge that they present. Homeschooling Homeschooling is an option for those children who have a parent that does not work outside the home. This option allows a parent to be in total control of their child’s education. Parents can incorporate religious values into their child’s daily education and are usually better attuned to their child’s individual educational needs. The sad truth about homeschooling is that there are many parents who try to home school their child that are simply not qualified. In this case, it deeply impacts a child negatively and they fall behind their peers. This is not a good situation to put a child in as they will have to work extremely hard to ever catch up. While the intentions are likely good, the parent should realistically have an understanding of what their child needs to learn and how to teach them. For those parents who are qualified, homeschooling can be a positive experience. It can create an endearing bond between the child and the parent. Socialization can be a negative, but parents who want to can find plenty of opportunities through activities such as sports, church, dance, martial arts, etc. for their child to socialize with other children their age. Virtual/Online Schools The newest and hottest educational trend is virtual/online schools. This type of schooling allows students to receive public education and instruction from the comfort of home through the Internet. The availability of virtual/online schools has exploded over the past few years. This can be a terrific option for children who struggle in a traditional learning environment, need more one on one instruction, or have other issues such as pregnancy, medical issues, etc. Two major limiting factors can include the lack of socialization and then need for self motivation. Much like homeschooling, students need some socialization with peers and parents can easily provide these opportunities for children. Students also have to be motivated to stay on schedule with virtual/online schooling. This can be difficult if a parent is not there to keep you on task and to ensure that you complete your lessons on time.

The Passing of the Emancipation Proclamation as the Result...

The Passing of the Emancipation Proclamation as the Result of Lincoln’s Desire to Undermine the Southern Economy Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation completed the most significant u-turn in American history. Months before, in the Crittendon Resolution, Lincoln had explicitly stated that Union forces would not target Southern plantations, and that the South would be welcomed back into the Union with or without the slave system. At this point, Lincoln regarded slavery as a potentially divisive issue and, as noted by the historians Johansson and Hofstatder, aimed to avoid anything that would associate him as being either for or against its abolition. However, by 1863, Northern forces had†¦show more content†¦The highly industrialised Northern economy was perfectly adapted to the extra demand, and was able to facilitate the production of all the equipment needed. Conversely, the Southern economy was sluggish in its attempts to update its primitive economy, and because of this remained reliant on the slave trade. Thus, in depriving the South of a big proportion of its work force, Lincoln was able to significantly reduce their production capabilities. More directly, the North benefited by being able to acquire the slaves for themselves. This had the advantage of increasing the number gap twice: the Northern soldiers occupying Southern plantations would be free to fight again, and the released blacks themselves could become Northern fighters. Thus, the Emancipation Proclamation was seen not only as a way of weakening the South, but of strengthening the North. In such a way, Lincoln was able to widen the disparity between North and South. From a popular perspective, slavery was seen as a symbol of Southern independence. Being otherwise incapacitated by the ongoing Civil War, the Confederate states’ only outlet was the desire to inflict some form of victory over the domineering North. The obliteration of the slave trade would end any hope of this moral-boosting ambition. With the 1864

Management Accounting Operational Budgets

Question: 1. Discuss the importance of management accounting for your selected organisation and differentiate between management accounting and financial accounting. 2. Evaluate different classifications of costs (types, behaviour, function and relevance) with examples. 3. Explain the meaning of variance analysis and discuss the most commonly derived variances, outlining the problems and limitations. 4. Identify different operational budgets and explain the advantages of preparing different operational budgets. Answer: Introduction Management Accounting is all about giving the right information to the right person at the right time thereby helping the managers in an organisation to make informed business decisions. This better equips the decision makers in their day to day management and control of the functions. The purpose of this report is to throw light on how Management Accounting can help M/s ABC Inc., operating in the manufacturing sector, to improve its operating efficiency by controlling costs and improving profitability. Section I discusses the concept of Management Accounting, its importance and also distinguishes it with Financial Accounting. Section II evaluates the various types of costs, their behaviour, functions relevance. Section III explains the meaning of variance analysis, its relevance limitations. Section IV identifies different operational budgets and the advantages of preparing them. Section I: Management Accounting Importance Relevance Management Accounting can be described as a system of partnering in management decision making by relying on the financial accounting data and presenting it in a manner and format relevant to the requirement of the decision maker. Depending on the need, management accounting reports are generated on a periodic basis viz. weekly/ fortnightly/ monthly etc. For eg. a weekly fund status report can help the treasury function to devise the cash generation plan for the following week. A fortnightly inventory ageing report to the stores manager can help in the procurement planning for the next fortnight. Following are the advantages: Better use of financial data Data shared in a mutually acceptable format gets more acceptance within the organisation Facilitates informed decisions Improves the confidence level of the decision makers There will be more group consensus for every decision taken Management Accounting vs Financial Accounting Difference between both the methods is illustrated in a tabular form below Sl. No. Particulars Management Accounting Financial Accounting 1. User People inside the organization eg. Managers, Employees People outside the organization such as shareholders, Government etc. 2. Purpose Helps in decision making Discloses the end result of the business 3. Is it Optional? Yes No 4. Format No prescribed format There are specific formats for presenting data 5. Periodicity As per need End of every accounting period 6. Reports Detailed reports customised according to need As prescribed by standards such as GAAP or IFRS 7. Rules No legal requirement or rule As prescribed by standards such as GAAP or IFRS 8. Priority focus Current issues and future forecast Past data upto the reporting date 9. Departmental focus Focuses on each department or individual Pertains to the entire organization 10. Flexibility Reporting is flexible according to changing need Reporting requirement is rigid Section II: Costs Types of costs Costs are classified into various categories based on Behaviour Function Relevance Each of these are elaborated below Classification by Behaviour Fixed Cost - Fixed cost is that cost that does not vary with level of production output. This is independent of any business activity or volume of production. Example, Rent, Depreciation Variable Cost - Variable cost is that cost that varies with the level of production output. Example Direct Material, Direct Labor Mixed Cost - Costs which have both fixed and variable components. For example Electricity charges wherein the minimum demand remains fixed based on the connected load and any power drawn beyond a certain limit will vary in proportion to the level of output. All the three above costs can be graphically represented as follows Classification by Function Product cost Product Costs are all those costs incurred towards manufacturing a particular product. Product cost is further classified into the following: Direct Materials All the costs incurred to bring the raw materials into the manufacturing location Direct Labour The cost of labour time spent in manufacturing Manufacturing Overheads All the costs incurred for production of the final product excluding the direct material labour. Period Cost Period cost are all the costs other that the Product cost. Example marketing costs, administrative costs etc. It is the cost of running the business. As these are not necessarily part of manufacturing cost, these cannot be assigned to the products. The above costs can be diagramatically explained as follows Classification by Relevance Sunk Cost Sunk cost is also called as historic cost. This is the cost which has already been incurred and cannot be recovered. This cost is not relevant for decision making. Example fund invested on a project. In practical scenario, an organisation cannot go and restart production of a product which is not profitable only for the sake of justifying the sunk cost incurred in purchasing the equipment which has now become obsolete. Opportunity Cost Opportunity Cost is the cost of the foregone alternative. This helps in really evaluating the various investment opportunities and thereby helps in effective decision making. Though the cost is not incurred in this case, by not selecting an option, the benefit that the company has forgone becomes the opportunity cost. Example, a company has certain spare space in the factory where it can either put up a new manufacturing facility or it can rent it out to outsiders. If it decides to put up a manufacturing facility, then it has to forgo the rent that it would have earned had the space been rented. The foregone rent is the opportunity cost Differential Cost Differential cost refers to the difference between the two available alternatives courses of action. It is the total of all the incremental costs that would be incurred if one alternative is chosen against the other. Differential cost helps in choosing better alternative over the others. In the above example, if a particular fixed cost, say depreciation has to be incurred irrespective of the option selected, then it is not a differential cost. However, consequent to setting up the new manufacturing facility, if the company has to incur Selling Administrative cost or Marketing costs, then such costs are classified as Differential costs. Section III: Variance Analysis Meaning Variance Analysis is the systematic quantitative assessment of the deviations arising in actual performance from the planned performance. This is a very effective controlling tool in any business. Variance Analysis gives clear insights with respect to the deviation of actual performance from plan with specific reasons which led to the deviation. This helps in identifying the root causes, and taking corrective action thereby preventing it from repeating. Types of Variances The main types of variances are explained in the diagram below These broad variances and the further subdivisions are explained below. Sales Variance Sales variance measures change in profit due to a variance in sales. The Sales Volume can be on account of Sales Volume variance Sales Price variance. Sales Volume variance = (Actual Unit Sold Budgeted Units Sold) x Standard Profit Favourable Sales Volume indicates a higher actual profit than the budgeted profit due to more than expected demand for the product in the market Sales Price variance = (Actual price Standard price) x Actual Units sold. A favourable Sales price variance indicates the product has been able to fetch a better price in the market against competition. Material Variance This is the difference between the actual material cost versus the standard material cost. This can be a result of a Material Price variance or a Material Usage variance. Material Price Variance = (Actual Price Standard Price) x Actual Quantity A favourable material price variance indicates a better negotiation done on the material price. It may also indicate an overall fall in material prices due to the effect of market forces. Material Usage Variance = (Actual quantity Standard Quantity) x Standard price. This can be further divided into Material Mix variance Material Yield variance. Material mix variance occurs when there are different type of materials required in the entire production process. In such circumstances, if the costlier material is used less in comparison to the cheaper material due to a change in mix, then it can result in a favourable material mix variance. A positive Material yield variance can be due to lesser usage of material vis a vis the standard design. This may be due to better and efficient usage of machines or due to economies of large scale operation. Labour Variance This is the difference between the Actual Labour cost versus the Standard Labour cost. This can be a result of a Labour Rate variance or a Labour Efficiency variance. Labour Rate Variance = (Actual Rate Standard Rate) x Actual Hours A favourable Labour rate variance indicates an overall fall in the labour rates in the market Labour Efficiency Variance = (Actual hours Standard hours) x Standard Rate A favourable labour efficiency variance indicates an overall improvement in efficiency of the labour employed. This may be due to better supervision and better working environment. Overhead variance This is the measure of variance between the standard overhead expenses versus the actual overhead expense. This may be a result of a wrong estimation of standard overhead or due to real efforts put in by the management team and incurred lesser overheads through operational efficiency and cost saving initiatives. Problems Limitations Though variance analysis is a good tool to identify inefficiencies in the system, the method has certain inherent limitations which are as follows Not practical in non-standard production process/batches Not applicable in industries where there are more overheads than production expenses. Eg. Service sector Analysis can be misleading if standards are not set properly If analysis is not done on a regular basis and learning not applied immediately, the system will not serve its purpose Employees/managers will be more tempted to incorporate budget slack thereby making the whole process ineffective. Possibility of buying substandard quality material resulting in excess consumption/wastage. Section IV: Operational Budget Operational budget is projection of the financial plan of a business for a specified period of time. Operational budget requires planning of all the phases of operations. Types of Operational Budget The most common types of operational budgets are explained below Revenue (Sales) Budget This is a budget of the future sales. It identifies the revenues require by the organisation for the budget period. This involves a detailed market study and potential for penetration and expansion in order to maximise the sales for the period. Production Budget Any manufacturing organisation needs to estimate the volume and timing of production. There needs to be fine balance between excess stock and stock outs as both these extremes will adversely affect the performance. Purchase Budget There needs to be a clear plan with regard to the timing and frequency of purchase of raw materials. Here again a proper balance is required to be maintained in order to avoid extreme situations such as stock out and excessive inventory. Direct Labour Budget The strategy of employing the right quality of labour should be in line with the labour hours required to fulfil the production budget keeping in mind the labour rates and availability. Expense Budget This budget defines the operating expenses required to be incurred during the budget period. The expenses are evaluated broadly based on three criteria namely Fixed, Variable Discretionary Profit Budget Here both the revenue expense budgets are combined to arrive at gross and net profits. In this process the adequacy of revenue vis a vis the expense in evaluated. This helps in allocating managers with their share of organisations performance. Importance of Operational Budget Helps in identifying controllable and discretionary expenses by regular tracking and monitoring A regular review of the actual versus budget helps in projecting future expenses with reasonable level of accuracy. Helps organisations to face the uncertainties and also recover from the unexpected setbacks Operational budgets which get constantly monitored ensure accountability from the managers due to their ongoing involvement. Section V: Recommendation The key success factors for ABC Ltd. are Improving operating efficiency, Controlling costs and Improving Profitability. Management accounting through its process of timely reporting, periodic variance analysis and budgeting perfectly complements towards achieving all three of these factors and beyond. The data is also mostly derived and can be cross checked with the Financial Accounting data. It is hence recommended that a robust Management Accounting system be implemented in ABC Ltd. Section VI: Conclusion ABC Inc., which is in the manufacturing sector has various complexities in the process. Product Quality, On time delivery, Operational efficiency, Timely cash collection, Working capital management, adequacy of raw material, Lean inventory level and focus on Profits are of top most priority. Multiple parameters to monitor and control calls for a team to handle each of the activities which is well informed and is capable of taking objective decision on a day to day basis. A well-defined Operational budget and a regular and ongoing Management Accounting system coupled with Cost focus and regular Variance Analysis can help ABC Inc. in its constant endeavour to improve operating efficiency by controlling cost and improving profitability. References businessdictionary.com, n.d. Management Accounting, [Online], Available at: https://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/management-accounting.html, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] debitoor.com, n.d. Management accounting - What is Management accounting?, [Online], Available at: https://debitoor.com/dictionary/management-accounting, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] diffen.com, n.d. Financial Accounting vs Management accounting, [Online], Available at: https://www.diffen.com/difference/Financial_Accounting_vs_Management_Accounting, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] keydifferences.com, n.d. Differences between Financial Accounting and Management accounting, [Online], Available at: https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-financial-accounting-and-management-accounting.html, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] accountingexplained.com, n.d. Cost and Cost Classifications, [Online], Available at: https://accountingexplained.com/managerial/costs/, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] Joseph DeBenedetti, 2016. Types of Costs in Management Accounting, [Online], Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/types-costs-management-accounting-80540.html,[Accessed date: March 18, 2016] Radell Hunter, 2010. Types of Costs in Managerial Accounting, [Online], Available at: https://www.brighthub.com/office/finance/articles/72933.aspx, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] Laurie L. Swanson, n.d. Managerial Accounting and Cost Classification, [Online], Available at:https://ww2.nscc.edu/swanson_l/ACCT1020/Presentations/Ch%2018%20Managerial%20Accounting.pdf, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] accounting-simplified.com, n.d. Variance Analysis, [Online], Available at: https://accounting-simplified.com/management/variance-analysis/, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] tutor2u.com, n.d. Variances - Introduction, [Online], Available at: https:// www.tutor2u.net/business/reference/variances-introduction, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] accounting-simplified.com, n.d. Limitations of Standard Costing Variance Analysis, [Online], Available at: https://accounting-simplified.com/management/variance-analysis/ disadvantages-of-standard-costing-and-variance-analysis.html, [Accessed date: March 18, 2016] community.plu.edu, n.d. Operational Budgeting, [Online], Available at: https://community.plu.edu/~mgtacctg/operational_budgeting.htm, [Accessed date: March 19, 2016] wysant.com, n.d. Operational Budgeting, [Online], Available at: https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/accounting/operational-budgeting , [Accessed date: March 19, 2016]

Why Did William Win the Battle of Hastings Essay Sample free essay sample

In 1066 king Edward the confessor died without any kids to inherit the throne of England. this meant that Harold Godwinson was crowned as king despite supposidly assuring an curse to william that he would be the following male monarch. However harold faced his place being jeportised because two other determined immature work forces besides wanted to be King. These work forces were Harald Hadrarda and William of Normandy. England was one of the welthiest and most powerfull state in the universe and all 3 of these work forces were prepared to make whatever it took to derive the Crown. The lone manner to make up ones mind who was traveling to be king was to prosecute in conflict. Harold and william both prepared there forces. First Harald hardra from norway invaided England with his viking fleet and fought against harold godwinson at Stanford span. After the Battle of Stamford Bridge ( In which Harald had died. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Did William Win the Battle of Hastings? Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ) Harold had intelligence that william had eventually invaided and went down to Hastingss to fix to contend William. but this was traveling to be tough. both work forces were despairing to be following King and at that place could merely be one victor. In my sentiment the chief ground to why william won was pinned on fortune. Harold eagarly anticipating this to go on and he and his ground forces waited on the beach strong and prepared for the Norman invaison. William was be aftering to get on the beach and if this had happened Harold would hold slaughtered him. Fortunately for William. the sea was excessively jerky to sail across the channel and so William’s ground forces were waiting in Normandy for the conditions to better before traversing. Luckily for william Hadrada invaided up north and hence Harold went up north. Harold so fought a conflict go forthing his ground forces in a much weaker place than earlier. A major ground to why harold doomed was due to his ground forces was exhausted and weakened in Numberss. The conflict of Stanford span was a ghastly 1 with the Norwegians declining to give up untill the following twenty-four hours were Hardras boy Olav agreed to give himself up and neer return to england. The arm so rested. some beginnings claim that harold had an statement with his ground forces claiming that ahrold had non shared the trophies of conflict out reasonably. prehaps he had insisted on maintaining the Viking fleet which would hold been a enormous

Works of Hemingway and Remarque essays

Works of Hemingway and Remarque essays In both books, A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway, and All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque, the subject of war is seen in two strikingly different perspectives. War was thought to be productive and necessary by the older generation and central political figures, but when one hears the viewpoint of the young men who actually had to encounter it, it is a much different story. War affects the lives of people in ways that the average person cannot even begin to comprehend. The end result of the war produced a group of men coming home, who were so disillusioned and lost that they were referred to as The Lost Generation. Ernest Hemingway can find an example of the Lost Generation in the book, A Farewell to Arms. The main character, Lieutenant Frederick Henry was a prime candidate for the Lost Generation of men. Henry, who was an ambulance driver on the Italian Front found through harsh experiences, that war was not at all promising and glorious as he had thought, but that it was unessicary and truly horrible. After he had become ill and gotten out of the war, Henry felt that there was just no points to it, and he was exhausted. Hemingway wrote many different accounts of post- war experiences, and the lost generation of men that it produced. A book that is filled with references and description of the Lost Generation is All Quiet on the Western Front, by Erich Maria Remarque. Remarque, who himself had been drafted into the German army, came out completely lost and disillusioned. He went through many different jobs, not knowing what he wanted out of life anymore. Like Remarque, Paul, the main character of All Quiet, went into the war full of hopes and dreams of the life he would someday live. He was just a young boy, and was forced to serve in a war, which he hardly even knew or cared anything about. During the war, Paul went through so many terrible and shocking experiences that he knew woul...

Analysis of The Birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay -- Nathaniel Ha

Although â€Å"The Birthmark† by Nathaniel Hawthorne was written in the mid-1800s, its themes and ideas are still a part of society today. The 19th century was a time of change, just as this, the millennium, is a time of great change. Hawthorne’s ideas about science, beauty, and life still play a major part in our lives, despite many improvements. Even today, people try to play â€Å"God† and change things that nature has put in place. It’s human curiosity; how much can be changed, how many things can be perfected? The themes in this short story-- religion, gender, and science--were relevant in Hawthorne’s day, and still are many years later. The theme of religion is hidden in the desire to erase the birthmark. In trying to â€Å"perfect† Georgiana, Aylmer is testing God’s creation. He doesn’t believe that how God created Georgiana is perfect, and he is obsessive about making her his idea of perfection. Aminadab, Aylmer’s servant, tries to tell his master to leave the birthmark alone. He tells Aylmer that if Georgiana were his wife, he wouldn’t worry about something so trivial. However, the scientific ideas on Aylmer’s mind won’t let him forget the birthmark. He believes he can remove it with the help of science. Even so, science has no part in creation, according to Hawthorne, and Georgiana’s death after the removal of the birthmark signifies that theory. Her death is Hawthorne’s way of showing that judgment and perfection are God’s duti...

Novel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Novel - Essay Example He does not know if loves or hates his daughter, in fact, it is that the extent of his love for his daughter is something that he does not want, something that he believes he does not deserve, thus, turning into hatred for the innocent girl. He has a very low opinion of himself – â€Å"What could his heavy arms and befuddled brain accomplish that would earn him his own respect, that would in turn allow him to accept her love?† – and he blames Pecola’s stupidity for loving him still (Morrison 161 - 163). The lack of faith in himself may be due to his harsh childhood but the fact remains that his thought processes are different than a normal person’s and continue to badly affect those around him. Seeing his daughter scratch â€Å"the back of her calf with her toe† reminds him of how his wife Pauline had once done the same thing (Morrison 162). It could have been the alcohol, that particular movement, the resemblance between the mother and daughter, the strange kind of love that he had for both or seeing Pecola do the task of washing the dishes which his wife used to do that triggered off his sexual thoughts, â€Å"filled him then with a wondering softness †¦ a tenderness, a protectiveness† (Morrison 162). He reminisced about Pauline and how had been successful in bringing a smile to her face. He wanted to show his daughter how much he loved her and, in his deluded state, he thought showing her physically was the right way to go. From his distorted point of view, he only wanted to please his daughter. The way Morrison writes this portrays Cholly as a predator and Pecola as the prey. In fact, he is even showed to be â€Å"crawling on all fours toward her† (Morrison 162). The girl slips and falls but Cholly turns into a protector and catches her which is a contradiction in itself. He wants to keep Pecola safe but does not have the right idea of how to do that. The girl is young, naà ¯ve and too shocked to protest. The

Introduction to Engineering - Truss Bridge Design Essay

Introduction to Engineering - Truss Bridge Design - Essay Example Introduction to Engineering - Truss Bridge Design This model successfully worked to hold desired load and effectively fulfilled the load resistance qualities that a practical bridge must have. Keywords Truss bridge, bridge competition, bridge model, bridge stability. Introduction Bridge design is the fundamental part of civil engineering and most critical as well. It is designed for transportation of heavy traffic; meanwhile, it is constructed to cope with environmental effects like storms. There are many types of bridges that are being used around the world, among them most common are arch bridges, girder bridges, truss bridges, cantilever bridges, cable stayed bridges, moveable bridges and suspension bridges(SWE, 2012). The type of bridge that we incorporated in our design is the truss bridge. These are the oldest and the most economical bridges found around the world with excellent weight bearing capacity(BuildingBig, 2010). Atypical truss bridge is shown below: Specialty of truss bridges is the triangular elements present in the structure to share the load applied on the bridge by the traffic(JHU). In a typical truss bridge design the horizontal members are responsible for bearing loads as a result of horizontal as well as dynamic compression. In our bridge design we made use of Popsicle sticks to create truss members as well as the base of the bridge. These sticks were joined together by making use of glue. Where required, the sticks were cut to the required lengths for making triangle structures of the bridge. For providing strength to the design, the sticks were stacked over each other in 3 to 4 layers and the whole structure was made which is shown below: Before finalizing the above bridge design, we tested a number of bridge structures before as well by making use of west point bridge design, but all those designs failed while testing. By making use of strategic techniques to design practical bridges based on load distribution errors were reduced and thickness of trusses and other members was increased. This gave stability to the bridge design. After that we started working in the structure of the bridge. For that purpose the first task was to select the appropriate material for constructing truss bridge which goes we ll with our dimensional requirements. Therefore, popsicle sticks were chosen as a preferred material. After that all the sticks were marked at the point of applying glue. Initial step was to design the the bottom frame of the structure in which three layers of sticks were used. Here is the view of one bottom structure. Total two rails were made for the bridge. After structuring the bottom next step was to structure the rectangular truss portion of the bridge. For that purpose first two steps of bottom design were used; to collect popsicle sticks and gluing them together. After that, triangular portions were structured and joined together. These trusses were then connected to the bottom rails as shown below: Last step was to connect the assembly of both the trusses and bottom rails to each other by making use of popsicle sticks and gluing them to the bottom. In this way the final structure was drawn. Results and Discussion In the design of first bridge, total 145 popsicle sticks were used and the resulting weight of the bridge was calculated to be approximately 198.3lbs. The designed bridge

A World Unknown (my Trip To Europe) Essay -- essays research papers

Ever since I was a little girl I dreamed about traveling overseas. Strange lands, exciting places, and new cultures have always fascinated me. I've always wondered what it would be like to speak another language, to grow up learning different customs, or to live in a completely different way than I do now. This past summer my dream finally came true. I got to travel to England, France, Switzerland, and Germany with Mme. Kelly and five other girls, and suddenly the world was at my fingertips. England's green hills and city life is unforgettable. Kensington, Westminster Abby, and Piccadelli Circus are just a few parts of London full of historic cathedrals, quaint little cafes, and amazing shopping places. Harrods, where the royal family shops, supposedly sales any and everything. My favorite experience in London was riding The Underground to see the broadway play Fosse and watching the changing of the guards at Buckingham Palace. England overall isn't too different from the States. The same language is spoken and their currency, the pound, is very similar to an U.S. dollar. However, driving on the left side of the road is hard to get use to. The Eiffel Tower, The Arc de Triomphe, The Lourve, The obelisk, La Place de la Concorde, and Notre Dame are all located in the heart of Paris, France. Paris with its French cuisine, romantic atmosphere and historical self-being fills you with a sense of complete contentment. I'll never forget sitting at a French cafe, eating a baguette, ...

Comparing and contrasting Achilles and other warriors Essay

Comparing and contrasting Achilles and other warriors Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Achilles is one of the main characters in Homer’s Iliad. Iliad is a legendary epic covering the formative years of Roman and Greek mythology. Iliad pursue glory, heroism, and love within the authority and influence of supernatural powers. Achilles possessed heroic strength and also had close contact with the gods. Achilles had all the qualities of a grand warrior and he proved to be the most dominant man among the Achaean army. However his deeply rooted character barred his capacity to act with integrity and nobility. The rationale of this paper is to analyze the character of Achilles and examine how he was similar of differed from other heroic warriors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Achilles could not manage his pride or the fury that came about when his pride was injured. These attributes greatly affected Achilles life since he abandoned his fellow warriors because he had been insulted before Agamemnon, his commander. Achilles even wished his fellow warriors to be killed by Trojan warriors. He was driven by thirst for glory and was willing to sacrifice anything for his reputation. Achilles had extreme temper; for example, though the demise of Patroclus provoked him to reconcile with Agamemnon, this did not alleviate his fury but he directed his anger to Hector (Homer, 1990, p. 32). Achilles forfeited twelve Trojan men at the funeral of Patroclus, he also killed his opponents mercilessly and shamefully vandalized the corpse of Hector. These events reveal Achilles great anger because he was mourning the death of Patroclus. Achilles pride, bloodlust and wrath affected him adversely (Virgil, 2006, p. 42).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Achilles is recognized as the greatest warrior in Achaian army and no other warrior could match him as a fighter. Achilles has a great sense of social order because he decided to act during the plague that was consuming the soldiers at Achaian camp. Agamemnon, Achille’s kind did not act so Achilles decided to find out the cause of the plague by calling for a congregation of the entire army. Achilles is argumentative and petulant because he argues that though Agamemnon gets the best prizes from war, he never worked for them. In the course of argument, Achilles almost killed Agamemnon, though he was saved from carrying out the heinous act by goddess Athena. Achilles believed that the quarrel between him and the king was righteous and same as the war against Trojan army. Achilles major characteristic was excessive pride because he remained angry even after Agamemnon promise to return Briseis alongside other gifts (Vigil, 2006, p. 47).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gilgamesh is a warrior who fears death throughout George XIII epic. Achilles on the other hand is also very keen with his metaphoric wickedness that can only take place after the death of his earthly life. Gilgamesh and Achilles have a lot of similarities, which include dynamic attitude on death and life centered. They have similar attitudes especially when their heroic comrades died. The death of Patroclus touched Achilles very much whereas the death of Enkidu also caused much distress to Gilgamesh. Achilles and Gilgamesh are two semi-divine heroes who have various matching characteristics and life-events, and they focused a lot with their mortal lives, but not relatively in the same approach. Achilles and Gilgamesh share fundamental similarities in their mortal lives. Each of them is a child of a goddess and a mortal man who happens to be a king. Achilles is a son of Thetis and has an exceptional rapport which enables him to speak with t he gods with the help of Thetis (Homer, 1990, p 27). Gilgamesh on the other hand is regarded as one third human and two third god, which makes him to stand out as an exceptional character that exists in relationships with both the mortal world and divine world. Iliad relates the preeminence of Achilles and Gilgamesh in battle where they reveal themselves as headstrong warriors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Neither Achilles nor Gilgamesh is concerned with romantic and family relationships. The major relationship these epic heroes have is with their mothers, where they seek protection and guidance. Through this rapport, they are able to gain development and wisdom. Achilles can also be compared to other heroes such as Aenes since their lives is determined by supernatural powers. In the book Iliad and Aeneid, Achilles and Aenes are characters who reveal their chivalry and bravely. In the books, Aenes and Achilles are chosen by gods and favored in various periods of their lives (Homer, 1990, p.26). These characters have predestined death and fate, they are sons of gods and they have specific accomplishment and mission in their lives. The major difference between Achilles and Gilgamesh is on anger management. Even after the death of his friend Enkidu, Gilgamesh remains cool and does not translate his fury to anyone, but Achilles anger could not b e controlled after the death of Patroclus. Gilgamesh mourns the death of his friend by ritually pulling his clothes and hair, but Achilles mourns the death of Patroclaus by killing several Trojan warriors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An in depth analysis of the epics of the era reveal contrasting features of the heroes. The circumstance, the physical features and situation might be similar, but the discrepancy is mainly due to mental and intellect framework of the heroes. Aenes fought major battles just like Achilles, but their fate was different. Achilles was predestined to die in the battle, while Aenes was predestined to be an architect of a huge town in the planet. Achilles was more of a cruel enemy and fierce warrior and his task was to wrestle and triumph over bloody wars. On the other hand, Aenes was more civilized and constructive in comparison to arrogant Achilles. Achilles is violent, stubborn, ruthless and hostile and had a capacity to kill Trojan warriors ruthlessly in the battlefield. Achilles battle and attack intended huge massacre. On contrary, Aenes is more placid and sober. Aenes as a warrior had adorable features of restraint, chastity, discipline an d love. He was a true leader who never left his comrades. Aenes led the warriors to pursue new home and new culture. He was a fighter, but not even once did he display emotions and power in arbitrary and cruel manner (Vigil, 2006, p. 74).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, Achilles was a great warrior, but he was a merciless fighter who killed many Trojan warriors. Achilles shared similar features with other heroes in the epics. These heroes fate was usually predestined and they were mostly sons of gods. They sought advice from their mothers which helped them to develop and gain wisdom. However, an in depth analysis on the character of these heroes depict that there are some differences. Achilles was a violent warrior as compared to most heroes who were able to manage their fury. In addition, Achilles, Aenes and Gilgamesh were heroes of their times. References Homer, Robert Fagles, and Bernard Knox. The Iliad. New York: Viking,  1990. Print. Hope Nash Wolff. â€Å"Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Heroic Life.† Journal of the American Oriental Society 89.2  (1969): 392-398. Web. Virgil, R. Fagles, B. Knox, and S. Callow. The Aeneid. New York: Penguin Audio,  2006. Print. Source document

Part 1 Describe Donna’S Story From A Problem Solving...

Part 1: Describe Donna’s Story from a problem solving perspective. A problem solving approach would look at Donna’s deficits and focus on her issues. By drawing on a medical model, Donna would have her issues defined, situation assessed, goals set, and intervention planned (Heinonen Spearman, 2010). A social work relationship with Donna would be terminated when the present issued were resolved. Specifically, Donna’s assessment would be an important task of the social worker working with her. We can likely assume that Donna’s access to a problem-solving social worker would be because there is a concern with her ability to parent. While Donna’s children (that lived with her) were not apprehended in the film, the goal of a social worker†¦show more content†¦Depending on where they live, maybe Donna would arrange to have a weekly family dinner or something – just something to increase connection. Lastly, potential goals for Donna regard ing Alvin would be to, first of all, get him addressed by a doctor before implementing community and agency resources as necessary. Part 2: Describe Donna’s situation from a strengths based approach. When watching this documentary, I only saw Donna’s life story as one full of resiliency. It was very difficult for me to focus on her deficits within a problem solving approach and to ignore her strengths. To begin, it is vital to examine Donna’s childhood adversities and her ability to overcome those hardships and prevent them from being passed along to her own children. Donna has suffered from neglect, physical, emotional, and sexual abuse for much of her life and has (as far as we know) protected her children from the same. Despite this, Donna has made it her mission to help others in similar situations. She is a often speaker at community and cultural events, examining how structural issues pushed her to a life on the street, and she works as an outreach worker in a penitentiary. Moreover, Donna sees the value in human and Indigenous connection, with an array of cultural activities she participates in. Additionally, Donna has the ability to provide a safe, clean, ho me her children and can prepare nutritious food for

The Information Age And The Concerns Of Privacy - 1953 Words

The Information Age and the Concerns of Privacy Communication is an essential act in the constitution of a society. Throughout history man has felt the necessity to express his emotions, thoughts, accomplishments and deeds. Communication is a fundamental process and the basis of any social organization. It is a human interaction between individuals, through which identities are formed. Communication technologies have changed dramatically in the last quarter-century, bringing in a new concept of communication that lies in the free flow of information and ideas which is interactive and egalitarian, resulting in what has been called the Information Age. The technology has given the facility to its users to share information all around the†¦show more content†¦The right to collect information should be limited to specific government programs concerning national security for the reason that public safety is primary, and all resources to ensure it must be utilized, but only under a valid, legal process since privacy is also a r ight that has to be respected. As a matter of fact, it is the responsibility of the government to ensure the safety of its citizens. In order to live with tranquility and achieve peace, security is a main point to consider. Living in a place where citizens are not sure of what to expect every day they go out to the streets, drive, take a bus, go to their jobs, schools, leave their children or any kind of activity/ is something that would definitely diminish their life quality. As an illustration the terrorist attack of the United States of America on September 11 must be remembered, where thousands of innocent citizens died, and fear was caused through all the country. There have been other attacks, affecting always innocent citizens, like the bombs in the Boston Marathon, or the murders in schools. Threat to national security will always be present, and for that reason the government must take action into necessary security measures to protect the society the much as possible. As Jean Bethke Elshtain says,  "The primary responsibility of government is to provide basic security—ordinary civic peace.†

Is A College Education Worth It - 1533 Words

Is a college education worth it? While it is important to get a college education, there are many people who cannot afford to go to college. Going to college leaves adults in millions of dollars in debt for many years. This results in adults working most their life to just pay off their education. However, starting work right out of high school instead of going to a 4-year college has been more appealing to some people. Going to a trade school is less expensive and less time consuming. However, not all non-college jobs can support a family. To help ensure these skilled workers can make it, the work force needs to guarantee that non-college jobs pay well and offer good benefits. This requires strong labor standards, a tangible ability to†¦show more content†¦Today, blue-collar and white-collar families alike watch their kids struggle to find gainful employment. (Buffenbarger) Not only is finding a job hard, but many people are not prepared. Many students graduate from college with little understanding of math, reading, civics, or economics. To prepare students in college, the professors should incorporate into their courses high-impact educational practices, which connect academic lessons to real-world problems and foster creativity, collaboration, and critical thinking employers most value. (Glazer) In contrast, trade schools do this style of teaching. Once enrolled in a trade school, you will immediately start with classes that are based solely on the training needed to help you succeed in your future career. Most of the training is hands-on and takes place in a setting similar to the workplace. There are little-to-no general education course requirements. Learning a trade profession is a better option than college for many young adults. Today’s society is in need of trade professions to function. There has been a high number of young adults choosing college over learning trade. This has created a ‘skills gap’ in the US causing a s hortage of ‘middle-skilled’ trade workers like machinists, electricians, plumbers, and construction workers. (ProCon.org) To work in some trade professions, one must go to a tradeShow MoreRelatedIs A College Education Worth It?1018 Words   |  5 PagesIn today’s society, the idea of receiving a college education has been pondered quite a bit as to whether or not it is actually worth it. According to Michelle Adam, many people â€Å"†¦today believe that getting a good education is key to success in our society, this revealed surprising issues that challenge the notion of higher education being worth its price tag† (59). Naturally, many high school graduates apply for college right before or after graduation. Others decide to go into the work force, armedRead MoreIs College Worth A Education?1140 Words   |  5 PagesIs college worth attending? 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Process Analysis Essay on Process Writing Free Essays

AnalasysiPROCESS ANALYSIS WRITING Firstly, Process  or  processing  typically describes the action of taking something through an established and usually routine set of procedures or steps to convert it from one form to another, such as processing paperwork to grant a mortgage loan, processing milk into cheese, or converting computer data from one form to another. A process involves steps and decisions in the way work is accomplished, and may involve a sequence of events. The source of this information can be found on the website: Wikipedia (www. We will write a custom essay sample on Process Analysis Essay on Process Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now ikipedia. com) Secondly, ANALYSIS is when you tell your results to prove or disprove your original guess or hypothesis. Explaining why your results turned out this way. For example: If a scientist believes that he has found the cure for Aids, he then has certain steps to take. He first has to observe, identify, describe and experiment the drug or substance that he is certain it is the cure for aids, he then have to state everything in steps, from what he did, from the very beginning . This is called analysis. To tie the both in one: Process Analysis is basically a form of technical writing and expository writing. † designed to convey to the reader how a change takes place through a series of stages†. Technical writing is where The description of scientific and computer-related activities, whereas expository writing is a type of writing   where the purpose is to inform, explain, describe, or define the author’s subject to the reader. Expository text is meant to deposit information and is the most frequently used type of writing by students in colleges and universities. A well-written exposition remains focused on its topic and lists events in chronological order. Examples of expository writing include driving directions and instructions on performing a task. Key words such as first, after, next, then and last usually signal sequential writing. Most importantly first-person pronouns (I) should be avoided. Expository essays do not reveal the opinion of the writer or writers. When someone is reading a matter of Process Analysis, they are most likely interested in the chronological component; this is  a sequence of events arranged in their order of occurrence in time, such as a timeline. Process Writing is an approach which encourages English as a Second Language (ESL) – youngsters to communicate their own written messages while simultaneously developing their iteracy skills in speaking and reading rather than delaying involvement in the writing process, as advocated in the past, until students have perfected their abilities in handwriting, reading, phonetics, spelling, grammar, and punctuation. In Process Writing the communication of the message is paramount and therefore the developing, but inaccurate, attempts at handwriting, spelling, and grammar are accepted, know that within the process of regular writing opportunities students will gain control of these sub-skills. These skills are further developed in individual and small group conference interviews. † Some steps to process writing are: STEP 1: Pre-writing, which deals with your ideas and building on your ideas, Planning. STEP 2: Writing, this is when you do a rough draft of your plan. This stage is sometimes called the â€Å"don’t worry stage’’ you can have spelling errors, grammatical errors, here is why it is called a rough draft. Also remain focus on writing and go away from all distractions. STEP 3: Revising, here is where you do grammatical changes, omitting unimportant sentences, where you add or expand your word-count, or you can go back to your pre-writing notes for ideas as-well as re-arranging. STEP 4: Editing, this is distinct form revision. Here is where you actually go through line by line searching for errors, repetitiveness, punctuations. Also to make sure your writing is very clear and understandable and last but not least, to check for spelling. STEP 5: Publishing, this depends on what piece you are working on: student will need to produce a final copy including, bibliography, journalist will submit their copy, fiction writers sending their story to magazines. Etc. In conclusion these five steps are â€Å"a frame work of writing well and easy. † BIBLIOGRAPHY * Ali Hale -: Writing process * Heald -Taylor (1986): process writing method. *   Linda Flower and John R. Hayes in â€Å"A Cognitive Process Theory of Writing† (1981). * URL: http://leo. stcloudstate. edu/acadwrite/process. html * http://www. library. ualberta. ca/guides/index. cfm  to researching and writing essays. How to cite Process Analysis Essay on Process Writing, Essay examples

Needs of Syrian Refugee in Canada-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Psychosocial needs of Syrian refugee youths in Canada. Answer: Introduction Eastward and westward storms are breaking,--great, ugly whirlwinds of hatred and blood and cruelty. I will not believe them inevitable. The above quoted lines of W.E.B. Du Bois from the book The Wisdom of W.E.B. Du Bois clearly indicate the state of the present world. It is to be noted that the world at presently in inflicted with various crisis like the The Syrian War Crisis, The Greece Crisis, The Rohingya crisis and various others. The power crisis which the world is facing at the present moment can be attributed to various factors like the unequal distribution of power among the various entities of the present world, the rise of the various military industry complexes, the power discrepancy between the first world countries and the third world countries and various others (El-Khatib et al., 2013). It is to be noted that all these crises give rise to not only the various economic as well as social constraints but also give rise to the refugee crisis which the world is facing at large at the present moment. According to the UNHCR (2018), An unprecedented 65.6 million people around the world have been forced from ho me. Among them are nearly 22.5 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18. The following figure gives an overview of the refugee crisis faced by the world at present- Figure 1: Trend of global displacement and proportion displacement Source: UNHCR It is to be noted that there are several kinds of refugees- the political asylum seekers, internally displaced people, environmental migrants, forced displacement and various others (Fargues Fandrich, 2012). It is to be noted that the various nations of the world have several legislations in place for the protection as well as the asylum of the refugees. According to the UNHCR (2018), The 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol as well as other legal texts, such as the 1969 OAU Refugee Convention, remain the cornerstone of modern refugee protection. Therefore, in accordance with these international dictums the various nations of the world like Canada, USA, UK and various others provide asylum to the refugees belonging to the various crisis area. A typical example of this is the asylum provided by the nation of Canada to the refugees of Syria. Patrick Kingsley talks about the nature of the various refugees in the words, For a start, people who traveled for so many miles through such horrific conditions in order to find work cannot accurately be portrayed as lazy benefit-scroungers. This paper intends to study the psychosocial needs of the Syria refugee youths in the nation of Canada. The Psychosocial Well-Being of Refugees Youth The psychosocial concept Psychosocial needs can be defined as the needs which the refugees as well as the asylum seekers needs in order to meet their basic needs includes their emotional and mental well-being (Wells et al., 2016). Psychosocial care skills form an important domain of the psychosocial needs (Almoshmosh, 2015). These skills enable the natives or the citizens of a particular nation to help the refugees to fulfill their psychosocial needs. The domain of the psychosocial needs consists of various needs like- Social needs Cultural needs Sexual needs Spiritual needs Mental needs Emotional needs Health care needs Others Psychosocial challenges affecting refugee youth According to Ed Diener, Probably the biggest insight is that happiness is not just a place but also a process. Happiness is an ongoing process of fresh challenges, and it takes the right attitudes and activities to continue to be happy. Therefore, the well-being of the refugees will depend on a proper correlation of the above listed needs. The social needs of the refugees include a proper social environment where they can mingle with the other natives (Jabbar Zaza, 2014). This need can also include the desire of the refugees to be loved by the native citizens of the nation to which they are migrating and also the feeling of belongingness. This need of the refugees can also include a desire for an environment which is different from the social unrest in their own parent country. The Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory provides an insight into the social needs of the people only in the context of the workplace framework but also in the general social needs of the refugees in the asylum lands as well (Jabbar Zaza, 2014). The cultural needs of the refugees include the desire of theirs to adhere to as well as practice the culture of their native land to the new country to which they have taken asylum. The health care need of the refugees includes their desire to have effective health care facilities which will look after them in case of illness, medical emergencies and other similar situations (Hassan et al., 2016). It is interesting to note that the precepts of Self-determination theory (SDT) are important to note here. This theory can be seen as a a macro theory of human motivation and personality that concerns people's inherent growth tendencies and innate psychological needs (Fargues Fandrich, 2012). The focus of the theory is on the motivation factor which determines the action of an individual in an external environment that is different from his or her normal environment. The theory also takes into consideration the degree to which an individual's behavior is self-motivated and self-determined (Fargues Fandrich, 2012). Therefore, the behavior of the refugees in the country of their asylum can be determined on the basis of this particular theory. Syrian War Crisis In the opinion of Aberjhani articulated in the work Illuminated Corners: Collected Essays and Articles Volume I, Freedom rings bells to wake us from the comfort of beautiful dreams and empower the efforts that turn them into reality. This line of Aberjhani becomes very relevant when the current crisis in the country of Syria is taken into consideration. It is to be noted that the Syria is a South-east Asian country where the majority of the population consists of Muslims. The crisis of Syria started in the year 2011 when the citizens of the nation rose in open rebellion against the existing government of the nation (Aras Mencutek, 2015). The present scenario in Syria finds adequate representation in the words of Aberjhani articulated in the work Journey through the Power of the Rainbow: Quotations from a Life Made Out of Poetry, Death wins nothing here, gnawing wings that amputate then spread, lift up, fly. According to the BBC News (2018), one of the major reasons for the crisis in Syria is the diversity in the population of the nation, which comprises of the Shia as well as the Sunni Muslims. It is to be noted that the Prime Minister of Syria, Bashar al-Assad used to govern the nation in a dictatorial manner. Therefore, several entities of the population rose in rebellion against this autocratic rule of Bashar al-Assad in the year 2011. It is to be noted that since then there has been various interventions on the part of various international organizations like the United Nations and nations belonging to the first world like United States of America, Canada, Russia and others to resolve the crisis. However, all negotiations have failed to deliver the desired results (Aras Mencutek, 2015). According to the Refugee Council of Australia (2018), the March 2017 Geneva peace talks on Syria was arranged so that the issue in the nation of Syria could be resolved. However, this intervention o n the part of the United Nations resulted in a peaceful environment in the nation only for a week. It is to be noted that the crisis in Syria has been made grim by the participation of the various first world countries of the world in the domestic affairs of Syria. Russia, for instance, is a supporter of the cause of the government of Bashar al-Assad (Aras Mencutek, 2015). However, the United States of America, on the other hand, is a supporter of the cause of the rebel people of the nation of Syria and therefore has taken a stance against the dictatorial government of Bashar al-Assad. The words of Aberjhani articulated in the work The River of Winged Dreams becomes significant here, In an age of bombs guzzling blood, skylarks merge peace with thought and action. The above mentioned situation in the nation became aggravated when the government of Bashar al-Assad took the help of the country of Russia to bomb the areas where the rebellious faction of the crisis resides. This has not only resulted in a capital destruction of the human lives belonging to the nation of Syria but has also led to a capital destruction of the natural resources of the nation. The serious threat which the current crisis in Syria and the consequent refugees crisis entails has been adequately captured in the words of Samantha Power when she said, Half of Syria's refugees are children, and we know what can happen to children who grow to adulthood without hope or opportunity in refugee camps. The camps become fertile recruiting grounds for violent extremists. This grim situation has made the citizens of the nation to fled from their motherland of Syria and seek asylum in various other countries of the world like Canada, the United States of America, the adjoining nations and others. It is to be noted that the United States of America has been a major supporter of the cause of the Syrian refugees and as per a report of the US State Department, the total aid fund of the United States of America since 2012 till now has touched an astounding figure of $7 billion and is still counting (Morello Morello, 2018). In addition to this, the government of the United States of America also provides political asylum to the refugees of Syria along with other aids possible (U.S. Department of State, 2018). It is to be noted that the nation of Canada is also not very far behind in this list of supporters to the cause of the current crisis in the nation of Syria. The Refugee Journey and Its Impact on Youth Experiences impacting Syrian refugee youth in Canada It is to be noted that the citizens of the present world have become more migratory than the citizens of the previous era. This might be a reflection of several factors which the world and its citizens are facing at the moment. One probable reason for this is the conflict or the crisis which the majority of the third world countries like Syria, Botswana, Greece and others are facing at the moment. Therefore, in order to evade the conflict in their homeland the citizens of these countries often migrate from their homeland to the first world countries in a bid to get better as well as safer environments (Benezer Zetter, 2014). The three phases of the refugee journey There are three stages to the migration process of the youths as well as the other refugees. These stages can be summarized as pre-migration, migration and post-migration stages (Edge, Newbold McKeary, 2014). The first stage of pre-migration involves the factors which force the citizens to migrate from their host countries to the other safer nations. For example, in the case of Syria, the pre-migration stage can involve the crisis which the nation is facing at the moment. The country Syria has been torn apart with the struggle for political power ever since the year 2011. Therefore, the citizens are looking for safer abodes to fulfill their life requirements. The second stage involves the stage of the actual migration. It is to be noted that several factors affect the decision of the refugees for the selection of the country to which they are about to seek the political asylum. However, the primary consideration of the people is the security factor (Benezer Zetter, 2014). It is to be noted that along with the security factor other psychosocial needs also play an important role in this process. The third stage is the stage of pre-migration. It is to be noted that during this particular stage the refugees look for the fulfillment of their various psychosocial needs (Fazel et al., 2012). The various refugees look for the fulfillment of their various psychosocial needs in the chosen country of their refuge. Therefore, this stage is one of the most important stages during the entire journey. Empirical evidence linking phases of post-migration with psychosocial well-being It is to be noted that en empirical study of the various literatures published in the context of the refugees reveals that the various refugees after migrating to the nation of their political asylum are confronted with various factors. The primary among them is the physical disorders as well as the ailments which they face (Edge, Newbold McKeary, 2014). Most of the studies reveal the fact that the majority of the refugees suffer from various sleeping disorders and other ailments like stress, anxiety, depression and several others. In addition to this, there are several other factors with which the refugees are confronted with like the lack of employment, housing problems and others. Canadas response to the Syrian War Crisis According to the statistics provided by the Government of Canada, Canada has committed over $1 billion in humanitarian, development and security assistance in response to the Syria crisis (The Globe and Mail, 2018). In addition to this, the Prime Minister of Canada, Justin Trudeau, in the year 2016 announced that Canada's new strategy to address the ongoing crises in Iraq and Syria, including further increases over the next three years to Canada's security, stabilization, humanitarian and development assistance (CBC News, 2018). In addition to this the government of Canada also provides asylum services to the refugees of Syria. According to an estimate, The Government of Canada resettled 25,000 Syrian refugees between November 2015 and February 29, 2016(Canadian international assistance in Syria, 2018). In addition to this, the Canadian government under its Canadas humanitarian assistance program provides aid to the citizens of Syria who are still residing in Syria to meet the food, shelter, health, protection and emergency education needs of theirs (Canadas response to the conflict in Syria, 2018). The government of Canada, under the leadership of Justin Trudeau has announced the inauguration of a new program called by the name of Syria Emergency Relief Fund (Canadas response to the conflict in Syria, 2018). It is to be noted that the government of Canada has generously contributed an amount of more than $31.8 million to the Syrian Emergency Relief Fund to support humanitarian relief efforts in response to the conflict in Syria, which the Government of Canada is matching (Refugees, 2018). In addition to all these, the government of Canada has inaugurated a new program called security-related assistance (Refugees, 2018). It is to be noted that under this particular program the government of Canada seeks to mitigate the amount of risks which the citizens of Syria faces at the moment due to the use of the chemical and other harmful kinds of weapons which not only threaten to destroy their present lives but also threatens to destroy their future as well. Factors Impacting the Psychosocial Well-being of Refugee Youth As per the review provided by the United Nations Human Development Index in the year 2016, the nation of Syria stands on the 149th position out of the 188 present countries of the world (Pantti, 2016). It is interesting to note that as per the same review given by the United Nations Human Development Index in the year 2010, the nation of Syria had a ranking of 113 on a list of 189 countries (Pantti, 2016). This is a reflection of the current crisis which the nation of Syria is undergoing since the year 2011. According to an estimate, More than 13 million people inside Syria are in desperate need of humanitarian assistance; over six million of these have been internally displaced by conflict (The number of displaced people in the world just hit a record high., 2018). In addition to this there are several million people still living in Syria are in need of some of the most basic amenities of life like food, shelter, primary education and others. Therefore, the majority of the populatio n of Syria has decided to follow the path of migration (Alpak et al., 2015). It is to be noted that the balance as well as the order of the world has been considerably disturbed as more than 5 million local citizens of Syria have migrated to the neighbouring countries like Turkey, Lebanon, Jordon and others (The number of displaced people in the world just hit a record high., 2018). Psychological factors The Canadian government declared that primary aim of the funds allocated to the Syrian cause and the asylum provided to the refugees is to provide "an opportunity to put a vehicle where Canadians will be able to channel their generosity" (Ryan, 2012). However, just providing asylum to the refugees is not enough. The various factors affecting the psychosocial well-being of the refugee youths can be broadly classified under the headings psychosocial factors, family related factors and systematic factors. The primary psychosocial need of the refugees is security. It is to be noted that the citizens of the nation of Syria have been facing political turmoil since the year 2011 and even before that in the autocratic rule of the Syrian Prime Minister, Bashar al-Assad (Ryan, 2012). Therefore, the primary as well as the foremost requirement of the Syrian refugees is security which the nation of Canada because of its stable political as well as social environment can easily provide to the refu gees of Syria (Francis, 2012). In addition to this, there are various other psychosocial needs of the refugees in the nation of Canada like the physical needs, spiritual needs, sexual needs, educational needs, occupational needs and others. Family related factors One of the psychosocial needs of the refugees from Syria is a safe and sound social environment where they can achieve their life goals in a much better manner and lead a safe life. The citizens of Syria have been facing social unrest all their life and also the society of Syria is a very conservative on account of its being a Muslim one (Evron, 2013). Therefore, the social environment of the nation of Canada will be an ideal place for the people of Syria as here they will get to fulfill their intended life goals in a much better manner and also to lead their life in a much better manner (Francis, 2012). Moreover, they will get to lead to lives as per their own choice as the government of Canada is a very liberal one and does not put restrictions on the lives of its citizens. Thus, the social environment of Canada will cater to the social needs of the war refugees of Canada. Another psychosocial need of the refugees of Syria is the cultural need which would lead them to live their lives in a much better manner. The culture of Syria as already mentioned is a very conservative one and therefore, the citizens of Syria do not get to enjoy and live their lives as per their own choice (Evron, 2013). Therefore, the benevolent atmosphere of Canada will be very suitable for the refugees of Syria who had to spend all their lives in a very conservative culture (Francis, 2012). The educational climate provided by the nation of Canada is also a very remarkable one. The nation is one of the premier ones in terms of the quality of education which it provides to the students and it also boasts of some of the best colleges as well as universities of the world (Francis, 2012). The nation, along with the various world renowned educational institutions also consists of some of the most reputed companies as well as organizations of the world. Thus, the chances are very that the students who complete their education from these reputed educational institutions of the nation of Canada are likely to get jobs at these companies as well as organizations which form the backbone of the economy of Canada. It is to be noted that the educational opportunities provided by the nation of Syria is not par with the ones provided by the first world countries or for that matter of the other third world countries (Sirin Rogers-Sirin, 2015). Moreover, the job prospects provided by the nation of Syria is also not on par with the other nations of the world be it the first world countries or the third world countries (Sirin Rogers-Sirin, 2015). Therefore, educational as well as job facilities will be another psychosocial need of the refugees of the nation of Syria which have not been getting in their native land of Syria (Allison, 2013). The country of Canada with its highly developed educational system and its global companies is more likely to provide better opportunities to the people than the ones which they used to get their native mother land. Systematic factors One of the most important psychosocial needs of the refugees is the health as well as the mental need which would enable them to live their lives in a much better manner. It is to be noted that Canada is one of the advanced countries of the world in terms of the health care as well as the mental care opportunities which they provide to the people (Francis, 2012). Therefore, the refugees of Syria will enjoy the opportunities provided by the country of Canada. It is to be noted that the health care as well as the mental care opportunities offered by the nation of Syria are very limited and therefore the citizens of Syria had to compromise on that front (Milbury et al., 2013). The wealthy citizens of the nation take the help of the medical as well as the health care services provided by the first world countries (Sharara Kanj, 2014). However, the poor people of the nation had to compromise and suffer as the nation of Syria has not made much of progress in the field of health care and m ental care. The above listed ones are some of the basic psychosocial needs of the war refugees of the nation of Syria. In the opinion of Aysha Taryam, If Syria is to rise from the ashes it needs a united Arab world which has one thing on its agenda, not the falling of a dictator for we have seen many of those fall, but the reemergence of a prosperous Arab nation, one that is not reliant on foreign aid but is self-sustained and set on its way to become powerful once again. Therefore, the best way to find a solution to the current crisis in the nation of Syria will be to follow the lead provided by Aysha Taryam. However, presently the various nations of the world need to take the onus on themselves and provide safe asylums to the people of Syria. The government of Canada in one of its declarations said, "It's time to live up to this country's proud, proud history of being a place of refuge, of safety. Canadians can do it but they need a partner in Ottawa". Literature Gap It is to be noted that since the emergence of the war crisis in the nation of Syria various authors as well as researchers have written on the topics of the crisis in Syria, the issues which the nation is facing, the possible solution for the issues faced by them, the refugee crisis, the economic drainage which the war has brought not only on the nation of Syria but also on the world economy, the aids and funds provided by the various nations of the world like the United States of America, Canada and others and also the interventions of the United Nations. Therefore, as it becomes apparent from the above list the major researches as well as the works which have been conducted in this particular field have been in the aspect of war and the consequent crisis which followed. This particular research will be a unique one as not many researchers have tried to focus on the issues of the psychosocial needs of the Syrian refugee youths in the nation of Canada. This research will therefore fo cus on the psychosocial needs of the Syrian refugee youths who were deprived of their fundamental rights in their own country during the autocratic rule of the Syrian Prime Minister, Bashar al-Assad. Therefore, this paper will focus on the psychosocial requirements of the refugee youths who after moving to the nation of Canada will be hoping for a change in the social, political, economic, educational, mental, health care and other aspects of everyday life. This research will primarily deal with the psychosocial needs of the Syrian war refugee youths who are in the age band of 18-25 and will also try to find the ways which will improve their lot. Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion it becomes clear that the Syrian war and its related refugee crisis is one of the major issues which the world is facing at the moment. It has not only taken a toll on the nation of Syria but is also affecting the other nations of the world. Therefore, the various developed and the first world nations of the world like the United States of America, Canada and others and also the United Nations needs to address the issue in order to reclaim the equilibrium of the nation of Syria but also to reclaim the power balance of the world. More important than that, addressing the psychosocial need of the Syrian refugees is of paramount importance because if the needs of these refugees are not properly addressed then it will further aggravate the situation. 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